Dontopedia

M

From Dontopedia, the open, paraconsistent wiki. (Last updated 2026-06-08.)

Linked via sameAs to 1 other subject: Number of Sub QuantizersReview & merge →

M is number of links per node.

65 facts·25 predicates·16 sources·8 in dispute

Mostly:rdf:type(13), affects(12), has value(5)

Maturity scale raw canonical shape-checked rule-derived certified

Rdf:typein disputerdf:type

Affectsin disputeaffects

  • Accuracy[3]sourceall time · 05970489 D0ac 4332 Acb3 Da3b56efd23d
  • Memory Usage[3]sourceall time · 05970489 D0ac 4332 Acb3 Da3b56efd23d
  • Search Speed[3]sourceall time · 05970489 D0ac 4332 Acb3 Da3b56efd23d
  • Accuracy[4]all time · 8e356af0 5214 4a1f 8615 F270ae5ec1c9
  • Speed[4]all time · 8e356af0 5214 4a1f 8615 F270ae5ec1c9
  • Speed[7]all time · F262ba02 38a8 487c Ac31 F121b18f4323
  • Accuracy[7]all time · F262ba02 38a8 487c Ac31 F121b18f4323
  • sub-quantization[9]all time · 0bca54e2 F808 47ad B21b 1dfd747efe98
  • Accuracy[10]sourceall time · 27831356 38d9 4289 97d2 9a64e0fff953
  • Memory Usage[10]sourceall time · 27831356 38d9 4289 97d2 9a64e0fff953

Inbound mentions (40)

Other subjects in dontopedia point AT this entity as a value. These are inverse relationships — e.g. "X motherOf this subject" — and answer questions the forward facts can't. Grouped by predicate.

hasParameterHas Parameter(10)

affectedByAffected by(4)

involvesInvolves(3)

describesDescribes(2)

requiresRequires(2)

adjustsAdjusts(1)

appliesToApplies to(1)

constructorRequiresConstructor Requires(1)

containsContains(1)

createdWithCreated With(1)

hasMHas M(1)

has-parameterHas Parameter(1)

hasParameterMHas Parameter M(1)

improvedByImproved by(1)

includesIncludes(1)

increasedByIncreased by(1)

inverseCreatedWithInverse Created With(1)

involves-adjustingInvolves Adjusting(1)

isAffectedByIs Affected by(1)

isIncreasedByIs Increased by(1)

mentionsParameterMentions Parameter(1)

parameterParameter(1)

relatedParameterRelated Parameter(1)

usesParameterUses Parameter(1)

Other facts (34)

The long tail: predicates that appear too rarely to warrant their own section. Filter or scroll to find a specific one. Each row links to its source.

34 facts
PredicateValueRef
Has Value16[2]
Has Value16[3]
Has Value8[8]
Has Value8[12]
Has Value8[16]
Descriptionnumber of links per node[3]
DescriptionNumber of sub-quantizers[8]
DescriptionNumber of sub-quantizers[10]
Effect of Lower Valuereduces memory usage[3]
Effect of Lower Valuespeeds up search[3]
Effect of Lower Valuemay reduce accuracy[3]
Used inFaiss[3]
Used inIndex[15]
ControlsSub Quantizer Count[10]
ControlsNumber of Connections[15]
RepresentsNumber of sub-quantizers[12]
RepresentsNumber of sub-quantizers[16]
Default Value16[2]
Used in ExampleExample Implementation[2]
Typical Value16[3]
Is ParameterParameter[3]
Has Default Value16[4]
Specific toHnsw Index[4]
Has RoleHnsw Links Per Node[5]
Value16[6]
EqualsNbits[8]
Related ParameterNbits[8]
Describesnumber-of-sub-quantizers[9]
Belongs to ListConfiguration Parameters[10]
Is Parameter ofFaiss Index Configuration[10]
Aliasnumber of sub-quantizers[12]
Recommended Rangehigher values improve accuracy[12]
Default Suggested Value8[12]
Used in Creation ofIndex[16]

Timeline

Timeline axis is valid_time — when each source says the fact was true in the world, not when Dontopedia learned about it. Retracted rows are kept for provenance; coloured stripes indicate the context kind.

typebeam/32c1e7e5-4ce5-48df-a04d-ccdefa61e55d
ex:IndexParameter
typebeam/24609436-74f2-4564-988e-86e3e75d7114
ex:ConstructionParameter
labelbeam/24609436-74f2-4564-988e-86e3e75d7114
Number of links per node
defaultValuebeam/24609436-74f2-4564-988e-86e3e75d7114
16
usedInExamplebeam/24609436-74f2-4564-988e-86e3e75d7114
ex:exampleImplementation
hasValuebeam/24609436-74f2-4564-988e-86e3e75d7114
16
typebeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
ex:Parameter
labelbeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
M
hasValuebeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
16
descriptionbeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
number of links per node
effectOfLowerValuebeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
reduces memory usage
effectOfLowerValuebeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
speeds up search
effectOfLowerValuebeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
may reduce accuracy
affectsbeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
ex:accuracy
affectsbeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
ex:memoryUsage
affectsbeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
ex:searchSpeed
typicalValuebeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
16
isParameterbeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
ex:parameter
usedInbeam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
ex:faiss
typebeam/8e356af0-5214-4a1f-8615-f270ae5ec1c9
ex:Parameter
hasDefaultValuebeam/8e356af0-5214-4a1f-8615-f270ae5ec1c9
16
affectsbeam/8e356af0-5214-4a1f-8615-f270ae5ec1c9
ex:accuracy
affectsbeam/8e356af0-5214-4a1f-8615-f270ae5ec1c9
ex:speed
specificTobeam/8e356af0-5214-4a1f-8615-f270ae5ec1c9
ex:hnsw-index
typebeam/ea1c880d-666a-428b-9f18-ae4bdd751abe
ex:HNSWParameter
hasRolebeam/ea1c880d-666a-428b-9f18-ae4bdd751abe
ex:HNSWLinksPerNode
valuebeam/19d581bd-9e09-4819-ad3a-f497c9d8b02d
16
typebeam/19d581bd-9e09-4819-ad3a-f497c9d8b02d
ex:IntegerParameter
affectsbeam/f262ba02-38a8-487c-ac31-f121b18f4323
ex:speed
affectsbeam/f262ba02-38a8-487c-ac31-f121b18f4323
ex:accuracy
hasValuebeam/f5f66e1a-01a9-4eb3-81b7-fc768e5be38a
8
typebeam/f5f66e1a-01a9-4eb3-81b7-fc768e5be38a
ex:Variable
descriptionbeam/f5f66e1a-01a9-4eb3-81b7-fc768e5be38a
Number of sub-quantizers
typebeam/f5f66e1a-01a9-4eb3-81b7-fc768e5be38a
ex:Parameter
equalsbeam/f5f66e1a-01a9-4eb3-81b7-fc768e5be38a
ex:nbits
relatedParameterbeam/f5f66e1a-01a9-4eb3-81b7-fc768e5be38a
ex:nbits
typebeam/0bca54e2-f808-47ad-b21b-1dfd747efe98
ex:IndexParameter
labelbeam/0bca54e2-f808-47ad-b21b-1dfd747efe98
M
describesbeam/0bca54e2-f808-47ad-b21b-1dfd747efe98
number-of-sub-quantizers
affectsbeam/0bca54e2-f808-47ad-b21b-1dfd747efe98
sub-quantization
typebeam/27831356-38d9-4289-97d2-9a64e0fff953
ex:Parameter
labelbeam/27831356-38d9-4289-97d2-9a64e0fff953
M
descriptionbeam/27831356-38d9-4289-97d2-9a64e0fff953
Number of sub-quantizers
affectsbeam/27831356-38d9-4289-97d2-9a64e0fff953
ex:accuracy
affectsbeam/27831356-38d9-4289-97d2-9a64e0fff953
ex:memory_usage
belongsToListbeam/27831356-38d9-4289-97d2-9a64e0fff953
ex:configuration_parameters
isParameterOfbeam/27831356-38d9-4289-97d2-9a64e0fff953
ex:faiss_index_configuration
controlsbeam/27831356-38d9-4289-97d2-9a64e0fff953
ex:sub_quantizer_count
typebeam/8bf0c428-db86-423e-b410-cf1a80b402bc
ex:IndexParameter
hasValuebeam/c024e566-7bde-4344-ad2d-cef3f5639007
8
representsbeam/c024e566-7bde-4344-ad2d-cef3f5639007
Number of sub-quantizers
affectsbeam/c024e566-7bde-4344-ad2d-cef3f5639007
accuracy
affectsbeam/c024e566-7bde-4344-ad2d-cef3f5639007
memory usage
aliasbeam/c024e566-7bde-4344-ad2d-cef3f5639007
number of sub-quantizers
recommendedRangebeam/c024e566-7bde-4344-ad2d-cef3f5639007
higher values improve accuracy
default suggested valuebeam/c024e566-7bde-4344-ad2d-cef3f5639007
8
typebeam/6d298caa-baec-45af-9cad-03ac614affde
ex:IndexParameter
labelbeam/6d298caa-baec-45af-9cad-03ac614affde
M
typebeam/6a1b250b-4390-4a0e-80ef-1ef7ebaea52b
ex:IndexParameter
labelbeam/6a1b250b-4390-4a0e-80ef-1ef7ebaea52b
M
usedInbeam/411a1538-884c-4c53-bd88-0a36a9406f98
ex:index
controlsbeam/411a1538-884c-4c53-bd88-0a36a9406f98
ex:number-of-connections
hasValuebeam/f1d44342-2a97-4d27-8633-2b8cdeffb413
8
representsbeam/f1d44342-2a97-4d27-8633-2b8cdeffb413
Number of sub-quantizers
usedInCreationOfbeam/f1d44342-2a97-4d27-8633-2b8cdeffb413
ex:index

References (16)

16 references
  1. ctx:claims/beam/32c1e7e5-4ce5-48df-a04d-ccdefa61e55d
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/32c1e7e5-4ce5-48df-a04d-ccdefa61e55d
      Show excerpt
      - **Choosing the Right Index Type**: Different index types (e.g., IVF_FLAT, HNSW, ANNOY) have different trade-offs between search speed, memory usage, and accuracy. Choose an index type that best fits your use case. - **Parameter Tuning**:
  2. ctx:claims/beam/24609436-74f2-4564-988e-86e3e75d7114
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/24609436-74f2-4564-988e-86e3e75d7114
      Show excerpt
      If your vectors have a relatively low dimensionality (e.g., less than 128), you can use `IndexHNSWFlat` instead of `IndexHNSW`. This can be faster since it avoids the overhead of the hierarchical structure. ### 4. **Optimize Construction P
  3. ctx:claims/beam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/05970489-d0ac-4332-acb3-da3b56efd23d
      Show excerpt
      faiss.normalize_L2(query_vector) # Search for similar vectors distances, indices = index.search(query_vector.reshape(1, -1), k) return distances, indices # Test the function query_vector = np.random.rand(128).asty
  4. ctx:claims/beam/8e356af0-5214-4a1f-8615-f270ae5ec1c9
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/8e356af0-5214-4a1f-8615-f270ae5ec1c9
      Show excerpt
      - `efConstruction` and `efSearch` parameters control the construction and search phases, respectively. 2. **IVFPQ Index**: - `IndexIVFPQ`: Creates an IVFPQ index with a specified number of clusters (`nlist`), subquantizers (`m`), and
  5. ctx:claims/beam/ea1c880d-666a-428b-9f18-ae4bdd751abe
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/ea1c880d-666a-428b-9f18-ae4bdd751abe
      Show excerpt
      index = faiss.IndexHNSWFlat(128, M) index.hnsw.efConstruction = efConstruction index.hnsw.efSearch = efSearch index.add(vectors) # Measure initial performance start_time = time.time() distances, indices = search_similar_vectors(query_vecto
  6. ctx:claims/beam/19d581bd-9e09-4819-ad3a-f497c9d8b02d
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/19d581bd-9e09-4819-ad3a-f497c9d8b02d
      Show excerpt
      FieldSchema(name="id", dtype=DataType.INT64, is_primary=True, auto_id=True), FieldSchema(name="embedding", dtype=DataType.FLOAT_VECTOR, dim=128) ] schema = CollectionSchema(fields, "Test Collection") # Create a collection collectio
  7. ctx:claims/beam/f262ba02-38a8-487c-ac31-f121b18f4323
  8. ctx:claims/beam/f5f66e1a-01a9-4eb3-81b7-fc768e5be38a
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/f5f66e1a-01a9-4eb3-81b7-fc768e5be38a
      Show excerpt
      M = 8 # Number of sub-quantizers nbits = 8 # Number of bits per sub-quantizer index = faiss.IndexIVFPQ(quantizer, 128, nlist, M, nbits) # Train the index index.train(vectors) # Add vectors to the index index.add(vectors) # Search for n
  9. ctx:claims/beam/0bca54e2-f808-47ad-b21b-1dfd747efe98
  10. ctx:claims/beam/27831356-38d9-4289-97d2-9a64e0fff953
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/27831356-38d9-4289-97d2-9a64e0fff953
      Show excerpt
      - `nlist`: Number of clusters. A higher value can improve accuracy but also increases memory usage. - `M`: Number of sub-quantizers. A higher value can improve accuracy but also increases memory usage. - `nbits`: Number of bits per
  11. ctx:claims/beam/8bf0c428-db86-423e-b410-cf1a80b402bc
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/8bf0c428-db86-423e-b410-cf1a80b402bc
      Show excerpt
      [Turn 6397] Assistant: Certainly! To achieve a 35% better focus in your dense search goals, you can refine your retrieval pipeline by optimizing the indexing and search processes. Here are some strategies and adjustments to your code to hel
  12. ctx:claims/beam/c024e566-7bde-4344-ad2d-cef3f5639007
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/c024e566-7bde-4344-ad2d-cef3f5639007
      Show excerpt
      vectors = np.random.rand(100000, 128).astype('float32') # Set the number of threads for parallel processing faiss.omp_set_num_threads(8) # Adjust based on your CPU cores # Create a quantizer quantizer = faiss.IndexFlatL2(128) # Create a
  13. ctx:claims/beam/6d298caa-baec-45af-9cad-03ac614affde
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/6d298caa-baec-45af-9cad-03ac614affde
      Show excerpt
      **Potential Roadblock**: As the dataset grows, the indexing and search operations can become slower and more resource-intensive. **Solution**: - **Use Efficient Indexing Methods**: Consider using `IndexIVFPQ` or `IndexHNSW` for better perf
  14. ctx:claims/beam/6a1b250b-4390-4a0e-80ef-1ef7ebaea52b
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/6a1b250b-4390-4a0e-80ef-1ef7ebaea52b
      Show excerpt
      - Ensure that your system has enough memory to handle the dataset and indexing process. - Use tools like `htop` or `top` on Linux to monitor memory usage. 2. **Use More Efficient Indexing Methods** - Consider using approximate nea
  15. ctx:claims/beam/411a1538-884c-4c53-bd88-0a36a9406f98
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/411a1538-884c-4c53-bd88-0a36a9406f98
      Show excerpt
      - `faiss.omp_set_num_threads(8)` enables multi-threading to take advantage of multiple CPU cores. Adjust the number of threads based on your CPU capabilities. 4. **Training the Index**: - The index needs to be trained on the data bef
  16. ctx:claims/beam/f1d44342-2a97-4d27-8633-2b8cdeffb413
    • full textbeam-chunk
      text/plain1 KBdoc:beam/f1d44342-2a97-4d27-8633-2b8cdeffb413
      Show excerpt
      M = 8 # Number of sub-quantizers nbits = 8 # Number of bits per sub-quantizer index = faiss.IndexIVFPQ(quantizer, 128, nlist, M, nbits) try: # Train the index index.train(vectors) except Exception as e: logging.error(f"Error

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